{"id":11816,"date":"2026-01-22T20:41:36","date_gmt":"2026-01-22T19:41:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/?p=11816"},"modified":"2026-01-22T20:41:36","modified_gmt":"2026-01-22T19:41:36","slug":"italys-mistake-on-immigrant-workers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/2026\/01\/22\/italys-mistake-on-immigrant-workers\/","title":{"rendered":"Italy\u2019s Mistake on Immigrant Workers"},"content":{"rendered":"

In Italy, migrants are seen as a burden rather than as a resource. By constantly thinking this way, it is becoming true, in a kind of self-fulfilling prophecy. Confined to the lowest segments of the labor market, immigrant workers fall into destitution, to the point that one third of households made up exclusively of foreigners are poor. This is not a temporary condition recorded at the time of arrival, but one that persists over time, as observed both in individual life trajectories and in statistics. As a result, occupational segregation is more pronounced than in the rest of Europe. This disadvantage has repercussions both for those directly affected and for the country as a whole, which risks being unable to attract the most educated and skilled people. We have already missed more than one opportunity\u2014for example, when refugees from Syria or Ukraine were welcomed by other countries. And some people even welcomed that outcome.<\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Migrant integration is no exception: as in many other areas, Italy has adopted an approach that experts define as inspired by laissez-faire, that is, letting society and the market take the lead, with public policies playing a marginal role.<\/p>\n

Within this strategy, work is considered a central component of the integration mechanism. However, it is a mechanism that moves backward rather than forward, ending up turning into indigent those migrants who should be vital resources for the country.<\/p>\n

Trapped at the margins of the labor market, foreigners see their conditions deteriorate rapidly: according to ISTAT, among households composed exclusively of foreign citizens, the incidence of absolute poverty rose from the already high 23.4% in 2014 to 35% in 2023. For households composed only of Italians, over the same period, the figures increased from 4.3% to 6.3%.<\/p>\n

Only Low-Skilled Jobs for Foreigners<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Statistics\u2014and the everyday experience of many people\u2014have now convinced (almost) everyone that immigrants do not \u201csteal jobs,\u201d but rather fill positions that Italians do not want to do.<\/p>\n

In 2024, non-EU foreigners accounted for 52% of domestic workers and 24.6% of dependent agricultural workers (15th Annual Report on Foreigners in the Labor Market, Ministry of Labor and Social Policies).<\/p>\n

The \u201csubordinate integration\u201d described exactly thirty years ago by sociologists Maurizio Ambrosini, Rosangela Lodigiani, and Sara Zandrini\u2014that is, the acceptance of foreigners on the condition that they take on tasks rejected by Italians without claiming advancement or rights\u2014has, in practice, never been overcome.<\/p>\n

Although it helps rescue a country with weak welfare provisions and an economic system based more on low wages than on high productivity, the occupational segregation of immigrants raises questions about its human and social sustainability, especially when it becomes extreme and far from temporary.<\/p>\n

Italy, in fact, appears to be the country where the concentration of migrants in the worst segments of the labor market is most pronounced.<\/p>\n

According to the 9th Report of the Migration Observatory of the Luca d\u2019Agliano Study Center, published in March of this year and based on EU Labour Force Survey data, in 2023 Italy recorded the lowest share of immigrants employed in highly skilled occupations: just 15%, compared with a European average of 35%.<\/p>\n

Conversely, Italy shows the highest disparity between immigrants and natives in the probability of holding elementary occupations, with a gap of as much as 19 percentage points to the disadvantage of immigrants.<\/p>\n

The table below shows in detail the distribution of foreign workers across different occupations, highlighting how in Italy they are far more concentrated in the lower segments of the labor market and much less in the upper ones than in the overall European context.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Trapped in the Lowest Segments of the Labor Market<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Even more worrying is the fact that occupational segregation does not appear to be a temporary condition.<\/p>\n

Two studies by Ivana Fellini and Raffaele Guetto, and by Nazareno Panichella, Maurizio Avola, and Giorgio Piccitto, published between 2019 and 2021, show that immigrants\u2019 occupational trajectories in Italy do not substantially improve over time: after the initial downgrading at arrival, workers become trapped in the lowest segment of the labor market, characterized by more precarious and less protected conditions.<\/p>\n

The latest Annual Report on Foreigners in the Labor Market also confirms a stabilization at the margins: in 2024, the share of workers with permanent contracts was similar among foreigners and Italians (68% and 67%, respectively), but non-EU foreigners earned almost 30% less on average per year: \u20ac20,939 gross versus \u20ac29,567 for all workers with stable contracts.<\/p>\n

The same studies show that differences between Italian citizens and migrants are only partly explained by individual characteristics, such as education level or social background. Discrimination, limited knowledge of Italian, and non-recognition of qualifications play a major role.<\/p>\n

On these fronts, Italy is visibly lagging behind major European countries, unable to adopt structural measures and instead proceeding through mostly local projects. As a result, substantial (European) resources have been spent under constant pressure to meet deadlines and constraints, without long-term planning and with overall modest results.<\/p>\n

Overqualification Also Affects Italians<\/strong><\/h3>\n

All this is not only detrimental to migrants, but to the country as a whole, because it results in a significant waste of human resources.<\/p>\n

A research project funded by European funds and based on EU Labour Force Survey data shows that in 2022 the share of overqualified workers\u2014those whose education exceeds job requirements\u2014was 35.7% among Italians and 64.4% among migrants.<\/p>\n

What stands out is the gap of almost 30 percentage points between the two groups, but also the very high share of overqualified Italians, confirming that migrants make visible, in amplified form, problems affecting the entire population.<\/p>\n

Other Mediterranean countries perform better on both fronts: in Spain, overqualification affects 15.9% of natives and 35.1% of immigrants; in Greece, 18.6% of Greeks and 33.4% of migrants.<\/p>\n

These data might suggest that Italy attracts highly educated migrants but fails to offer them suitable jobs. Reality, once again, is more discouraging.<\/p>\n

The same 9th Report of the Migration Observatory shows that Italy is the EU country where immigrants are, on average, least educated: only 14% hold a tertiary degree. This figure is consistent with that of the overall population, as Italy ranks second-to-last in the EU for tertiary education attainment (23%), after Romania.<\/p>\n

A country tends to attract migrants who resemble it and who thus become its mirror.<\/p>\n

A possible way forward, increasingly central in European and national policies, is upskilling and reskilling\u2014that is, professional (re)training programs. But difficulties are also substantial in this area.<\/p>\n

A recent survey conducted by FIERI within the aforementioned research project highlighted numerous obstacles faced by migrants. The urgent need to earn income to pay rent, support family members, or meet residence permit requirements often leads them to give up unpaid training pathways.<\/p>\n

Moreover, language skills sufficient for everyday life may be inadequate for understanding technical texts and lectures. If qualifications are not recognized, migrants must pass the lower secondary school exam in Italy, which is almost indispensable for accessing training.<\/p>\n

Finally, real job prospects are often unclear, making vocational training a demanding investment with uncertain outcomes.<\/p>\n

Missed Opportunities Mistaken for Avoided Dangers<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Italy\u2019s inability to recognize migrants as a resource has emerged clearly in two episodes concerning refugees rather than labor migration.<\/p>\n

In 2015, as Syrians fled civil war, German Chancellor Angela Merkel suspended the Dublin Regulation to allow their entry into Germany. She later reinstated it, instead suspending the Schengen Agreement when Eritreans began arriving from Italy.<\/p>\n

At the time, Italy welcomed this solution with relief, without realizing that those Syrians, in addition to being refugees, were also skilled workers whom German entrepreneurs viewed as a godsend, pressuring the government to accept them as much as citizens welcoming them at train stations.<\/p>\n

History repeated itself with Ukrainian refugees. After the 2022 Russian invasion, Italy\u2014despite hosting Europe\u2019s largest Ukrainian community at the time\u2014accepted far fewer refugees than Germany.<\/p>\n

There, fewer Ukrainians were already present to support newcomers, yet the German government made extraordinary efforts to receive as many as possible. Once again, humanitarian motives were closely intertwined with the search for skilled labor.<\/p>\n

Italy seems to wear lenses clouded by fear of foreigners, perceiving them only as a threat or, at best, as victims and burdens, never as resources. It thus sees avoided dangers where others see missed opportunities.<\/p>\n

This shortsightedness risks being costly in a country where, according to Unioncamere\u2019s Excelsior 2024 Survey on immigrant workers\u2019 professional and training needs, the job vacancy rate rose from 1.1% in 2019 to 2.5% in early 2024, exceeding half a million unfilled positions.<\/p>\n

The same report notes that \u201cItaly is particularly exposed to the risk of recruitment difficulties that will expand job vacancies, as it faces global competition for human resources with wage levels below the EU average.\u201d<\/p>\n

In short, if foreigners are offered only poorly paid and unrewarding jobs, they will leave for other countries, and Italy will be left with those lacking the resources and skills to aspire to better opportunities.<\/p>\n

Paraphrasing American sociologist Robert Merton, one could say that viewing migrants as burdens, poor workers, and low-productivity employees risks becoming a self-fulfilling prophecy.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Irene Ponzo is a sociologist at the University of Eastern Piedmont. From 2017 to 2025, she served as Deputy Director of FIERI (International and European Forum on Migration Research), of which she is still a member. For more than twenty years, she has studied migrant inclusion processes and related policies.<\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

In Italy, migrants are seen as a burden rather than as a resource. By constantly thinking this way, it is becoming true, in a kind […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":16476,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"coauthors":[399],"class_list":["post-11816","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-non-categorizzato"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nItaly\u2019s Mistake on Immigrant Workers - Rivista Eco<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/2026\/01\/22\/italys-mistake-on-immigrant-workers\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Italy\u2019s Mistake on Immigrant Workers - Rivista Eco\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"In Italy, migrants are seen as a burden rather than as a resource. By constantly thinking this way, it is becoming true, in a kind […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/2026\/01\/22\/italys-mistake-on-immigrant-workers\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Rivista Eco\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-01-22T19:41:36+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/01\/grafici_ENG_ponzo-1024x819.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Irene Ponzo\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Irene Ponzo\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"9 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rivistaeco.com\\\/en\\\/2026\\\/01\\\/22\\\/italys-mistake-on-immigrant-workers\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rivistaeco.com\\\/en\\\/2026\\\/01\\\/22\\\/italys-mistake-on-immigrant-workers\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Irene Ponzo\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rivistaeco.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/a1c14ff940472fd7070b90d3b2d5ebdb\"},\"headline\":\"Italy\u2019s Mistake on Immigrant Workers\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-01-22T19:41:36+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rivistaeco.com\\\/en\\\/2026\\\/01\\\/22\\\/italys-mistake-on-immigrant-workers\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1540,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rivistaeco.com\\\/en\\\/2026\\\/01\\\/22\\\/italys-mistake-on-immigrant-workers\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rivistaeco.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/2\\\/2026\\\/01\\\/grafici_ENG_ponzo-1024x819.png\",\"articleSection\":[\"Non categorizzato\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rivistaeco.com\\\/en\\\/2026\\\/01\\\/22\\\/italys-mistake-on-immigrant-workers\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rivistaeco.com\\\/en\\\/2026\\\/01\\\/22\\\/italys-mistake-on-immigrant-workers\\\/\",\"name\":\"Italy\u2019s Mistake on Immigrant Workers - Rivista Eco\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rivistaeco.com\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rivistaeco.com\\\/en\\\/2026\\\/01\\\/22\\\/italys-mistake-on-immigrant-workers\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rivistaeco.com\\\/en\\\/2026\\\/01\\\/22\\\/italys-mistake-on-immigrant-workers\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rivistaeco.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/2\\\/2026\\\/01\\\/grafici_ENG_ponzo-1024x819.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-01-22T19:41:36+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rivistaeco.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/a1c14ff940472fd7070b90d3b2d5ebdb\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rivistaeco.com\\\/en\\\/2026\\\/01\\\/22\\\/italys-mistake-on-immigrant-workers\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rivistaeco.com\\\/en\\\/2026\\\/01\\\/22\\\/italys-mistake-on-immigrant-workers\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rivistaeco.com\\\/en\\\/2026\\\/01\\\/22\\\/italys-mistake-on-immigrant-workers\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rivistaeco.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/2\\\/2026\\\/01\\\/grafici_ENG_ponzo-1024x819.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rivistaeco.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/2\\\/2026\\\/01\\\/grafici_ENG_ponzo-1024x819.png\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rivistaeco.com\\\/en\\\/2026\\\/01\\\/22\\\/italys-mistake-on-immigrant-workers\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"http:\\\/\\\/www.rivistaeco.com\\\/en\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Italy\u2019s Mistake on Immigrant Workers\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rivistaeco.com\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rivistaeco.com\\\/\",\"name\":\"Rivista Eco\",\"description\":\"\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rivistaeco.com\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rivistaeco.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/a1c14ff940472fd7070b90d3b2d5ebdb\",\"name\":\"Irene Ponzo\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/0c5e9c8a5097b06e54bc27071af579ef01977102e77725730daebc87ca762715?s=96&d=mm&r=gf79ec2461da5195c4dbbd5b1ba137bdd\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/0c5e9c8a5097b06e54bc27071af579ef01977102e77725730daebc87ca762715?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/0c5e9c8a5097b06e54bc27071af579ef01977102e77725730daebc87ca762715?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Irene Ponzo\"},\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rivistaeco.com\\\/en\\\/author\\\/iponzo\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Italy\u2019s Mistake on Immigrant Workers - Rivista Eco","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/2026\/01\/22\/italys-mistake-on-immigrant-workers\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Italy\u2019s Mistake on Immigrant Workers - Rivista Eco","og_description":"In Italy, migrants are seen as a burden rather than as a resource. By constantly thinking this way, it is becoming true, in a kind […]","og_url":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/2026\/01\/22\/italys-mistake-on-immigrant-workers\/","og_site_name":"Rivista Eco","article_published_time":"2026-01-22T19:41:36+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/01\/grafici_ENG_ponzo-1024x819.png","type":"","width":"","height":""}],"author":"Irene Ponzo","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Irene Ponzo","Est. reading time":"9 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/2026\/01\/22\/italys-mistake-on-immigrant-workers\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/2026\/01\/22\/italys-mistake-on-immigrant-workers\/"},"author":{"name":"Irene Ponzo","@id":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/#\/schema\/person\/a1c14ff940472fd7070b90d3b2d5ebdb"},"headline":"Italy\u2019s Mistake on Immigrant Workers","datePublished":"2026-01-22T19:41:36+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/2026\/01\/22\/italys-mistake-on-immigrant-workers\/"},"wordCount":1540,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/2026\/01\/22\/italys-mistake-on-immigrant-workers\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/01\/grafici_ENG_ponzo-1024x819.png","articleSection":["Non categorizzato"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/2026\/01\/22\/italys-mistake-on-immigrant-workers\/","url":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/2026\/01\/22\/italys-mistake-on-immigrant-workers\/","name":"Italy\u2019s Mistake on Immigrant Workers - Rivista Eco","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/2026\/01\/22\/italys-mistake-on-immigrant-workers\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/2026\/01\/22\/italys-mistake-on-immigrant-workers\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/01\/grafici_ENG_ponzo-1024x819.png","datePublished":"2026-01-22T19:41:36+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/#\/schema\/person\/a1c14ff940472fd7070b90d3b2d5ebdb"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/2026\/01\/22\/italys-mistake-on-immigrant-workers\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/2026\/01\/22\/italys-mistake-on-immigrant-workers\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/2026\/01\/22\/italys-mistake-on-immigrant-workers\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/01\/grafici_ENG_ponzo-1024x819.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/01\/grafici_ENG_ponzo-1024x819.png"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/2026\/01\/22\/italys-mistake-on-immigrant-workers\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"http:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Italy\u2019s Mistake on Immigrant Workers"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/","name":"Rivista Eco","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/#\/schema\/person\/a1c14ff940472fd7070b90d3b2d5ebdb","name":"Irene Ponzo","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/0c5e9c8a5097b06e54bc27071af579ef01977102e77725730daebc87ca762715?s=96&d=mm&r=gf79ec2461da5195c4dbbd5b1ba137bdd","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/0c5e9c8a5097b06e54bc27071af579ef01977102e77725730daebc87ca762715?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/0c5e9c8a5097b06e54bc27071af579ef01977102e77725730daebc87ca762715?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Irene Ponzo"},"url":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/author\/iponzo\/"}]}},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11816","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/16476"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11816"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11816\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11826,"href":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11816\/revisions\/11826"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11816"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11816"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11816"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=11816"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}