{"id":3061,"date":"2024-06-26T18:42:04","date_gmt":"2024-06-26T16:42:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/?p=3061"},"modified":"2024-06-26T18:42:04","modified_gmt":"2024-06-26T16:42:04","slug":"the-impact-of-work-on-life-expectancy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/2024\/06\/26\/the-impact-of-work-on-life-expectancy\/","title":{"rendered":"The Impact of Work on Life Expectancy"},"content":{"rendered":"

On average, an architect lives longer than a security guard: among the factors affecting health and life expectancy is the type of occupation. Those who have held higher-level professions will therefore receive a pension for longer, on average. A contributory pension system like Italy\u2019s should take this into account.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

Health inequalities are closely tied to socioeconomic inequalities. A vast body of scientific literature supports the claim that, regardless of the analytical methods used and the countries considered, belonging to a lower social class in terms of education, occupation or income means having a higher probability, on average, of developing more or less debilitating diseases and lower life expectancy. Researchers call this the \u201csocioeconomic gradient\u201d, a term that evokes the image of a slope in geography where health worsens as one descends to lower socioeconomic levels.<\/span><\/p>\n

How Income Affects Health<\/b><\/h3>\n

According to a study published in <\/span>Lancet Public Health<\/span><\/i> in 2019 (thus before the COVID-19 pandemic) of European countries excluding Italy, there is a significant difference in life expectancy between individuals with a university degree and those with a minimum level of education. The difference can reach up to eight years for men and six years for women, with considerable variations between countries. According to the study, the risk factor, besides smoking, that best explains the longevity gap between different educational levels is the lower income level.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

This has repercussions on how health, economic, and social policies are formulated. If high levels of socioeconomic inequality translate into health risks, it strengthens the call for differentiated socio-health interventions based on social class and geographical area.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Additionally, equity considerations suggest that we must pay particular attention to certain areas of the welfare state. For example, income support for those who are unemployed or living in poverty becomes even more important because, in addition to allowing for higher consumption, it would promote better health and well-being.<\/span><\/p>\n

Life Expectancy and Pensions<\/b><\/h3>\n

The issue of equity between socioeconomic classes becomes particularly relevant when discussing pensions. When calculating pensions, the contributory system uses average life expectancy data for everyone, except for those in physically demanding jobs. If a worker contributes to the pension system for the same number of years and retires at the same age as others but has a shorter life expectancy than average, the worker would receive less pension than expected. In other words, a pension system structured this way ends up being regressive: it effectively redistributes resources from the lower to the upper part of the social scale.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Based on these considerations and thanks to the VisitInps program, which allowed us to access data on Italian workers, we measured the socioeconomic gradient in Italy by linking it to occupational category and income level. Much less is known about the \u201coccupational gradient\u201d \u2013 that is, the link between different types of work and life expectancy \u2013than the educational and income gradients, although it is equally significant in defining a person\u2019s social class. The measure used for the health dimension is life expectancy, which is higher when early mortality is lower.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mortality in Different Occupational Classes<\/b><\/h3>\n

To reconstruct the life expectancy level by occupational class, we used two categories of Inps data (Italian social security institute): compulsory communications and the pension registry. The first set provides information about the main events of working life (start, end, and job change) and the individual\u2019s occupational class. The second provides further demographic information such as age, retirement age, and gender. We considered all male and female private-sector workers over 65 years and used about 620,000 observations to calculate life expectancy.<\/span><\/p>\n

The figure shows that in Italy there are significant differences in life expectancy depending on the type of occupation, especially among men. For example, the remaining life expectancy from age 65 is about 20 years for a manager (in both the public and private sectors), while for a machine operator or assembly worker, the value drops to 16 years. Between an architect and a security services worker, the difference is five years. Among women, the differences in life expectancy are also clearly visible, but the data are less informative mainly due to low female participation in the labour market in the generation we considered, especially in high-level positions.<\/span><\/p>\n

Life Expectancy After Age 65 by Occupation \u2013 Men<\/b><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Life Expectancy After Age 65 by Occupation \u2013 Women<\/b><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

The occupational gradient reflects to some extent the educational and income gradients. However, defining social classes in terms of occupation allows us to start a discussion about the pension system and question whether the relatively short list of \u201cstrenuous jobs\u201d is indeed adequate. The issue is not just identifying how physically demanding an activity can be, but also how a series of hard-to-observe physical and psychological risks, typically associated with the lower rungs of the social ladder, can negatively impact health.<\/span><\/p>\n

The Rich Live Longer<\/b><\/h3>\n

The UniEmens data (the monthly mandatory communication to Inps of wage data and information necessary for calculating pension contributions) allows us to define the socioeconomic gradient in terms of income by considering the average salary at mid-career (between 45 and 50 years of age) of about seven million workers and retirees over 50 years old, observed from 1995 to 2017. The data cover a long period, allowing us to reconstruct trends in the gradient across several generations of men and women workers, by comparing those born in 1930 with those born up to 1957.<\/span><\/p>\n

Life Expectancy at Age 50 by Year of Birth \u2013 Men<\/b><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Life Expectancy at Age 50 by Year of Birth \u2013 Women<\/b><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Among men, there is a significant difference in life expectancy between the rich and the poor: about four to five years. Comparing cohorts born in the 1930s with those born in the 1950s, it is evident that the average life expectancy increases over time, and it does so for every income class, for both women and men. This means that mortality, or risk of death, is progressively occurring at older ages. At the same time however, this shift in mortality is more marked among higher income classes, so the differences in longevity between different income classes are increasing. Despite a general improvement in the living and health conditions of Italians, there has been a widening gap between the health of the upper and lower income distribution.<\/span><\/p>\n

Not Just an Italian Phenomenon<\/b><\/h3>\n

Socioeconomic inequalities and their consequences are commonly seen in many economically advanced countries. Thus, the issue of equity between classes in the pension system is not just an Italian issue but also concerns other European countries such as Germany and Sweden, and the United States. In Sweden in particular, a 2022 article published in <\/span>Demography<\/span><\/i> concluded that because of the socioeconomic gradient, the Swedish pension system is much less progressive than previously thought. For Germany (particularly West Germany), similar to what we found for Italy, data show that the life expectancy gap between the richest 10% and the poorest 10% of the population increased, from four years in the population cohorts born in the 1920s to seven years for those born in the 1940s.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Although it is present in many countries, the regressive effect of the socioeconomic gradient on the pension system has only recently begun to be studied. The horizontal equity of a pension system \u2013 the principle that individuals in similar economic conditions should receive the same treatment regardless of the nature of their incomes \u2013 is only one of the many parameters that need to be considered. However, relatively simple solutions can be imagined. The ideal approach, although technically complex to implement, would require a recalibration of pension calculations using differentiated life expectancies by socioeconomic status. In the Italian case, it may be enough to simply expand the list of \u201cstrenuous jobs\u201d. That would not solve all socioeconomic inequalities but would be easy to implement and bring us closer to the goal of a fairer pension system.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bio<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Simone Ghislandi<\/strong> is an associate professor of public economics at Bocconi University and coordinator of Welfare State and Taxation area at the Dondena Center.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Benedetta Scotti<\/strong> is an economist at Cassa Depositi e Prestiti. She earned her PhD in Public Policy and Administration from Bocconi University, focusing mainly on longevity and the welfare state.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

On average, an architect lives longer than a security guard: among the factors affecting health and life expectancy is the type of occupation. Those who […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7224,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"coauthors":[107,108],"class_list":["post-3061","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-non-categorizzato"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nThe Impact of Work on Life Expectancy - Rivista Eco<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/2024\/06\/26\/the-impact-of-work-on-life-expectancy\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Impact of Work on Life Expectancy - Rivista Eco\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"On average, an architect lives longer than a security guard: among the factors affecting health and life expectancy is the type of occupation. Those who […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"http:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/2024\/06\/26\/the-impact-of-work-on-life-expectancy\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Rivista Eco\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-06-26T16:42:04+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/06\/Ghislandi_1-1-1024x634.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Simone Ghislandi, Benedetta Scotti\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Simone Ghislandi, Benedetta Scotti\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"9 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"http:\\\/\\\/www.rivistaeco.com\\\/en\\\/2024\\\/06\\\/26\\\/the-impact-of-work-on-life-expectancy\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"http:\\\/\\\/www.rivistaeco.com\\\/en\\\/2024\\\/06\\\/26\\\/the-impact-of-work-on-life-expectancy\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Simone Ghislandi\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rivistaeco.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/ef412fdc1bb516f2a3d615f7bcdf478e\"},\"headline\":\"The Impact of Work on Life Expectancy\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-06-26T16:42:04+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"http:\\\/\\\/www.rivistaeco.com\\\/en\\\/2024\\\/06\\\/26\\\/the-impact-of-work-on-life-expectancy\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1350,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"http:\\\/\\\/www.rivistaeco.com\\\/en\\\/2024\\\/06\\\/26\\\/the-impact-of-work-on-life-expectancy\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rivistaeco.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/2\\\/2024\\\/06\\\/Ghislandi_1-1-1024x634.png\",\"articleSection\":[\"Non categorizzato\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"http:\\\/\\\/www.rivistaeco.com\\\/en\\\/2024\\\/06\\\/26\\\/the-impact-of-work-on-life-expectancy\\\/\",\"url\":\"http:\\\/\\\/www.rivistaeco.com\\\/en\\\/2024\\\/06\\\/26\\\/the-impact-of-work-on-life-expectancy\\\/\",\"name\":\"The Impact of Work on Life Expectancy - Rivista Eco\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rivistaeco.com\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"http:\\\/\\\/www.rivistaeco.com\\\/en\\\/2024\\\/06\\\/26\\\/the-impact-of-work-on-life-expectancy\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"http:\\\/\\\/www.rivistaeco.com\\\/en\\\/2024\\\/06\\\/26\\\/the-impact-of-work-on-life-expectancy\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rivistaeco.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/2\\\/2024\\\/06\\\/Ghislandi_1-1-1024x634.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-06-26T16:42:04+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rivistaeco.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/ef412fdc1bb516f2a3d615f7bcdf478e\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"http:\\\/\\\/www.rivistaeco.com\\\/en\\\/2024\\\/06\\\/26\\\/the-impact-of-work-on-life-expectancy\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"http:\\\/\\\/www.rivistaeco.com\\\/en\\\/2024\\\/06\\\/26\\\/the-impact-of-work-on-life-expectancy\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"http:\\\/\\\/www.rivistaeco.com\\\/en\\\/2024\\\/06\\\/26\\\/the-impact-of-work-on-life-expectancy\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rivistaeco.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/2\\\/2024\\\/06\\\/Ghislandi_1-1-1024x634.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rivistaeco.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/2\\\/2024\\\/06\\\/Ghislandi_1-1-1024x634.png\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"http:\\\/\\\/www.rivistaeco.com\\\/en\\\/2024\\\/06\\\/26\\\/the-impact-of-work-on-life-expectancy\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"http:\\\/\\\/www.rivistaeco.com\\\/en\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"The Impact of Work on Life Expectancy\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rivistaeco.com\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rivistaeco.com\\\/\",\"name\":\"Rivista Eco\",\"description\":\"\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rivistaeco.com\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rivistaeco.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/ef412fdc1bb516f2a3d615f7bcdf478e\",\"name\":\"Simone Ghislandi\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/78b16934a191c07d2d567c48ba5496c5a7eaa1fc5dd875f107673ae53ab014cd?s=96&d=mm&r=g0fcab93ef2f91630694de28310ad9e3e\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/78b16934a191c07d2d567c48ba5496c5a7eaa1fc5dd875f107673ae53ab014cd?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/78b16934a191c07d2d567c48ba5496c5a7eaa1fc5dd875f107673ae53ab014cd?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Simone Ghislandi\"},\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rivistaeco.com\\\/en\\\/author\\\/sghislandi\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"The Impact of Work on Life Expectancy - Rivista Eco","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"http:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/2024\/06\/26\/the-impact-of-work-on-life-expectancy\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"The Impact of Work on Life Expectancy - Rivista Eco","og_description":"On average, an architect lives longer than a security guard: among the factors affecting health and life expectancy is the type of occupation. Those who […]","og_url":"http:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/2024\/06\/26\/the-impact-of-work-on-life-expectancy\/","og_site_name":"Rivista Eco","article_published_time":"2024-06-26T16:42:04+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/06\/Ghislandi_1-1-1024x634.png","type":"","width":"","height":""}],"author":"Simone Ghislandi, Benedetta Scotti","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Simone Ghislandi, Benedetta Scotti","Est. reading time":"9 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"http:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/2024\/06\/26\/the-impact-of-work-on-life-expectancy\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"http:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/2024\/06\/26\/the-impact-of-work-on-life-expectancy\/"},"author":{"name":"Simone Ghislandi","@id":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/#\/schema\/person\/ef412fdc1bb516f2a3d615f7bcdf478e"},"headline":"The Impact of Work on Life Expectancy","datePublished":"2024-06-26T16:42:04+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"http:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/2024\/06\/26\/the-impact-of-work-on-life-expectancy\/"},"wordCount":1350,"image":{"@id":"http:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/2024\/06\/26\/the-impact-of-work-on-life-expectancy\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/06\/Ghislandi_1-1-1024x634.png","articleSection":["Non categorizzato"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"http:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/2024\/06\/26\/the-impact-of-work-on-life-expectancy\/","url":"http:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/2024\/06\/26\/the-impact-of-work-on-life-expectancy\/","name":"The Impact of Work on Life Expectancy - Rivista Eco","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"http:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/2024\/06\/26\/the-impact-of-work-on-life-expectancy\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"http:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/2024\/06\/26\/the-impact-of-work-on-life-expectancy\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/06\/Ghislandi_1-1-1024x634.png","datePublished":"2024-06-26T16:42:04+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/#\/schema\/person\/ef412fdc1bb516f2a3d615f7bcdf478e"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"http:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/2024\/06\/26\/the-impact-of-work-on-life-expectancy\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["http:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/2024\/06\/26\/the-impact-of-work-on-life-expectancy\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"http:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/2024\/06\/26\/the-impact-of-work-on-life-expectancy\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/06\/Ghislandi_1-1-1024x634.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/06\/Ghislandi_1-1-1024x634.png"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"http:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/2024\/06\/26\/the-impact-of-work-on-life-expectancy\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"http:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"The Impact of Work on Life Expectancy"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/","name":"Rivista Eco","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/#\/schema\/person\/ef412fdc1bb516f2a3d615f7bcdf478e","name":"Simone Ghislandi","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/78b16934a191c07d2d567c48ba5496c5a7eaa1fc5dd875f107673ae53ab014cd?s=96&d=mm&r=g0fcab93ef2f91630694de28310ad9e3e","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/78b16934a191c07d2d567c48ba5496c5a7eaa1fc5dd875f107673ae53ab014cd?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/78b16934a191c07d2d567c48ba5496c5a7eaa1fc5dd875f107673ae53ab014cd?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Simone Ghislandi"},"url":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/author\/sghislandi\/"}]}},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3061","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7224"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3061"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3061\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3071,"href":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3061\/revisions\/3071"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3061"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3061"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3061"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rivistaeco.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=3061"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}