Wars have devastating consequences for people and economies. Scientific research has demonstrated this repeatedly, and has also identified the root causes of conflict. But this […]
5/2025
What It Takes to Defend Peace
Europe Prepares to Rearm Amid the Decline of American Power
In a world growing ever more unstable, increased investment in European defense seems all but inevitable. But so are the trade-offs: more military spending means fewer resources for civilian needs. To avoid waste and duplication, Europe needs a unified strategy—not a fragmented rearmament effort by individual EU countries. In an age of drawn-out wars and fast-moving technological change that favors the defender, a strong economy remains Europe’s most powerful strategic asset.
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